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What is BMI and how is it interpreted?
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a simple indicator that relates a person's weight to height. It is commonly used as a first assessment to determine whether an adult's weight falls within a healthy range.
The World Health Organization (WHO) proposes the following classification for interpreting BMI results in adults:
| Classification | BMI (kg/m²) |
|---|---|
| Underweight | < 18.5 |
| Healthy Weight | 18.5 – 24.9 |
| Overweight | 25.0 – 29.9 |
| Grade I Obesity | 30.0 – 34.9 |
| Grade II Obesity | 35.0 – 39.9 |
| Grade III Obesity (Morbid) | ≥ 40.0 |
How is BMI Calculated? The Formula
The BMI calculation is based on a simple mathematical formula that divides weight in kilograms by the square of height in meters.
For example, a person who weighs 70 kg and is 1.75 m tall would have a BMI of 22.9, which is within the healthy weight range.
Why is it important to know your BMI?
Knowing your BMI gives you a baseline for your body's health. A BMI outside the "Healthy Weight" range may be associated with a higher risk of developing certain diseases , such as cardiovascular problems, type 2 diabetes, and high blood pressure. It serves as a warning sign to evaluate your lifestyle habits.
Limitations of BMI
It's important to remember that BMI is a screening tool, not a diagnosis. It doesn't distinguish between fat mass and muscle mass. Therefore, athletes with a lot of muscle mass can have a high BMI without having excess fat. It's always advisable to consult a healthcare professional for a complete evaluation.
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